After being put into use, the stone flooring in the lobby/elevator lobby developed extensive efflorescence and color differences, affecting the overall appearance.
The public area fine decoration includes spaces such as the lobby, elevator halls, corridors, and restrooms. The characteristics of public area fine decoration are large areas, dense foot traffic, and high acceptance standards, with extremely strict requirements for materials, workmanship, and details. GB 50210-2018 has detailed provisions for each sub-item of public area decoration. GB 50016-2014 has provisions for the combustion grade of materials in public area evacuation routes. GB 50325-2020 has requirements for indoor pollutants.
Key points for lobby fine decoration include large-format stone flooring of 600×600 or 800×800 mm, with joints not exceeding 1 mm and color difference controlled within the same batch. Wall stone is installed by dry hanging, with anti-corrosion treatment of the steel frame, and stone thickness not less than 20 mm. Ceiling designs are varied, commonly using gypsum board with latex paint or metal grille ceilings. The reception desk stone countertop and floor stone should be in a unified color scheme. A general layout plan and floor directory should be provided at the entrance.
Key points for elevator hall fine decoration include stone or tile flooring unified with the corridor. Elevator door frames use stone or stainless steel edging with gaps not exceeding 2 mm. Downlights in the ceiling are arranged in an array with uniform spacing. Floor identification is at a height of 1.5 m. Fire-fighting equipment such as fire hydrant cabinets and fire extinguisher cabinets are embedded in the wall, with door leaves flush with the wall surface. Corridor width and evacuation clear width are not less than 1.1 m, and skirting height is 80 to 100 mm.
Key points for public restroom fine decoration include slip-resistant flooring with a friction coefficient not less than 0.6, floor drains with a slope not less than 2%. Wall tiles extend to the ceiling, with waterproofing height not less than 1.8 m. Partitions use compact laminate board with stainless steel hardware, height 1.8 to 2.0 m. Washbasins are artificial stone or ceramic, either undermount or vessel. Sanitary fixtures such as toilets, washbasins, and urinals have dimensions meeting accessibility requirements. Accessible toilet compartments are not less than 1.8×1.8 m and equipped with grab bars.
Material fire protection requirements are as follows: corridor and stairwell walls Grade B1, floors Grade B1, ceilings Grade A. Lobby walls Grade B1, floors Grade B1, ceilings Grade B1. Materials shall be provided with combustion performance test reports, including type testing plus on-site re-testing. Flame-retardant treated materials shall be provided with flame retardant application records. Construction quality control includes computerized layout and numbering of stone before arrival and processing, and setting-out with the horizontal line, elevation line, and center axis line integrated into one.
Acceptance standards: internal corner squareness not exceeding 2 mm, external corner verticality not exceeding 2 mm, floor flatness not exceeding 2 mm. After stone arrives on site, six-sided protective treatment shall be applied. For large-area stone paving, expansion joints shall be provided at spacing not exceeding 6 m. Restroom threshold stones are laid transversely with both ends extending into the wall. Access panels use finished concealed doors flush with the ceiling. Fire hydrant cabinet door leaves are mirror stainless steel or unified with the wall material.
The fine decoration works of hotel public areas are the first impression of hotel quality, and the design and construction quality directly affect customers' evaluation of the hotel. Large-area stone paving is a key process in public area fine decoration. Stone arriving on site should be inspected piece by piece for color difference and defects, numbered according to the layout drawing, and stacked. During paving, joint width and elevation shall be strictly controlled, and the grout color of areas separated by brass strips shall be coordinated with the stone. The elevation and design of the lobby ceiling shall fully consider the passage space for MEP pipelines to avoid lowering the ceiling elevation due to pipeline crossings. The dry-hanging steel frame for elevator hall wall stone shall undergo anti-corrosion treatment, and the hangers shall be flexibly adjustable with a maximum adjustment of ±20 mm. Fire-fighting equipment such as fire hydrant cabinets and fire extinguisher cabinets shall be embedded in the wall, the decorative surface of the door leaves shall be unified with the wall, and the door opening angle shall not be less than 160 degrees. The lighting design of public areas shall meet the illuminance requirements of GB 50034-2013, and the illuminance of key areas such as the reception desk and elevator halls shall not be less than 300 lx. The implementation of accessibility design is equally important; accessible toilet compartments and accessible routes shall be provided in strict accordance with code requirements.
The prevention and control of efflorescence on stone requires comprehensive control across three stages: material selection, construction workmanship, and post-maintenance. In the material stage, stone shall immediately undergo six-sided waterproof protective treatment upon arrival on site. The protective agent shall be a silicone or fluorocarbon penetrating protective agent, and the protective effect shall achieve a lotus-leaf effect on the stone surface. The back of the stone shall be coated with a special back adhesive to enhance bonding strength while providing waterproofing. In the construction stage, low-alkali cement or special stone adhesive shall be used for paving to reduce the generation of free alkali. Before paving, the substrate shall be fully moistened but without standing water. After paving, plastic film shall be promptly covered for curing for not less than 7 days. Joints shall be filled with grout, which shall have waterproof and stain-resistant properties. In the post-maintenance stage, the stone surface shall be cleaned and protected monthly, and any sign of efflorescence shall be immediately treated with a professional cleaning agent. Daily cleaning shall use neutral cleaning agents, and highly acidic or alkaline cleaning agents shall not be used. The stone surface shall be re-coated with protective agent every six months to maintain the protective effect. Through systematic protective measures, the stone flooring in hotel public areas is ensured to maintain a beautiful and glossy quality over the long term.
The prevention and control of efflorescence on stone requires comprehensive control across three stages: material selection, construction workmanship, and post-maintenance. In the material stage, stone shall immediately undergo six-sided waterproof protective treatment upon arrival on site. The protective agent shall be a silicone or fluorocarbon penetrating protective agent, and the protective effect shall achieve a lotus-leaf effect on the stone surface. The back of the stone shall be coated with a special back adhesive to enhance bonding strength while providing waterproofing. In the construction stage, low-alkali cement or special stone adhesive shall be used for paving to reduce the generation of free alkali. Before paving, the substrate shall be fully moistened but without standing water. After paving, plastic film shall be promptly covered for curing for not less than 7 days. Joints shall be filled with grout, which shall have waterproof and stain-resistant properties. In the post-maintenance stage, the stone surface shall be cleaned and protected monthly, and any sign of efflorescence shall be immediately treated with a professional cleaning agent. Daily cleaning shall use neutral cleaning agents, and highly acidic or alkaline cleaning agents shall not be used. The stone surface shall be re-coated with protective agent every six months to maintain the protective effect. Through systematic protective measures, the stone flooring in hotel public areas is ensured to maintain a beautiful and glossy quality over the long term. Daily maintenance management of stone flooring shall establish standardized operating procedures. Daily dust mopping shall use ultra-fine fiber mops treated with electrostatic dust attractant; ordinary mops shall not be used to avoid stain residue. Weekly deep cleaning shall use neutral stone cleaner with a low-speed polishing machine, followed by rinsing with clean water and suction drying. Monthly special maintenance shall include supplementary application of stone surface protective agent and inspection of grout joint condition. Quarterly professional care shall include stone crystallization treatment, using a stone crystallization machine and crystallizing agent to polish and brighten the stone surface, improving gloss and wear resistance. Annual comprehensive inspection shall include stone surface gloss testing, wear assessment, and protective effect testing. A stone maintenance file shall be established to record the time, content, and effect evaluation of each maintenance, and maintenance strategies shall be optimized through data analysis to extend the service life of the stone. Stone flooring maintenance costs account for approximately 3% to 5% of the hotel's annual repair costs, and reasonable maintenance investment can extend the service life of stone by 5 to 10 years.
Standardized operating procedures should be established for the routine maintenance and management of stone flooring. Daily dust-mopping shall use microfiber mops treated with electrostatic dust attractant; ordinary mops shall not be used to avoid stain residue. Weekly deep cleaning shall use a neutral stone cleaner together with a low-speed polishing machine. Monthly special maintenance shall include replenishing the stone surface protective agent and checking the condition of joint sealant. Quarterly professional care shall include stone crystallization treatment, using a stone crystallizer and crystallizing agent to polish and brighten the stone surface, improving its gloss and wear resistance. Annual comprehensive inspection shall include gloss testing of the stone surface, wear assessment and protective-effect testing. A stone maintenance file shall be established to record the time, content and effect evaluation of each maintenance, and maintenance strategies shall be optimized through data analysis to extend the service life of the stone. Renovation and restoration of stone flooring shall be carried out when the stone surface is severely worn or damaged. The renovation process includes steps such as grinding flat, filling cracks, grinding and polishing, and crystallization treatment; after renovation, the stone surface is restored to gloss and flatness close to its original state. Local repair of stone flooring shall be carried out promptly when cracks and damage are found to prevent the problem from spreading. The renovation cycle for stone flooring is generally 5 to 8 years, depending on the quality of the stone and the intensity of use. Through timely maintenance and repair, stone flooring is kept in good condition, its service life is extended, and long-term maintenance costs are reduced.
Renovation and restoration of stone flooring shall be carried out when the stone surface is severely worn or damaged. The renovation process includes steps such as grinding flat, filling cracks, grinding and polishing, and crystallization treatment; after renovation, the stone surface is restored to gloss and flatness close to its original state. Local repair of stone flooring shall be carried out promptly when cracks and damage are found to prevent the problem from spreading. The renovation cycle for stone flooring is generally 5 to 8 years, depending on the quality of the stone and the intensity of use. Standardized operating procedures shall be established for the routine maintenance and management of stone flooring, including daily dust-mopping, weekly deep cleaning, monthly special maintenance and quarterly professional care. A stone maintenance file shall be established to record the time, content and effect evaluation of each maintenance, and maintenance strategies shall be optimized through data analysis to extend the service life of the stone. Maintenance costs for stone flooring account for approximately 3% to 5% of the hotel's annual repair costs; reasonable maintenance investment can extend the service life of the stone by 5 to 10 years. Through timely maintenance and renovation, stone flooring is kept in good condition, its service life is extended, and long-term maintenance costs are reduced.
Crystallization treatment of stone flooring is an important measure for improving gloss; a stone crystallizer and crystallizing agent are used to polish and brighten the stone surface. The frequency of crystallization treatment shall be determined according to foot traffic: once per quarter for high-frequency areas such as the lobby, and once every six months for medium-frequency areas such as elevator lobbies. The stone maintenance file shall record the time, content and effect evaluation of each maintenance, and maintenance strategies shall be optimized through data analysis to extend the service life of the stone. The cost of stone flooring renovation is relatively high and shall be included in the hotel's annual repair fund budget. Through timely maintenance, repair and renovation, stone flooring is kept in good condition, creating a high-end, elegant public space environment for the hotel and enhancing the overall guest stay experience and brand image.