1. BAS System Architecture and Standards Framework
The building automation system adopts a distributed control architecture, divided into three layers: management layer, automation layer, and field layer. The management layer uses the BACnet/IP protocol in accordance with GB/T 28847.1-2012, connecting the central monitoring server and operator stations via Ethernet; the automation layer uses DDC controllers supporting the BACnet MS/TP protocol; the field layer includes various sensors and actuators. System design shall follow GB 50189 and GB 50736 to achieve comprehensive monitoring of HVAC, water supply and drainage, power distribution and transformation, lighting, and elevator systems.
2. Chiller/Heating Source System Monitoring and Energy-Saving Strategies
The chiller/heating source system is the largest energy consumer in a hotel, accounting for approximately 40-50% of total energy consumption. BAS monitoring of the chiller plant system includes: chilled water supply/return temperature, pressure, and flow monitoring; condenser water supply/return temperature monitoring; chiller operating status, fault alarms, and auto/manual status; chiller group control strategy for automatic staging based on load demand; variable frequency control of chilled water pumps and condenser water pumps; variable frequency control of cooling tower fans. Heating source system monitoring includes: boiler operating status monitoring; hot water supply/return temperature monitoring; plate heat exchanger inlet/outlet temperature and pressure monitoring; heat pump unit monitoring.
3. Air Conditioning, Ventilation, and Lighting System Monitoring Strategies
Air conditioning system monitoring: AHU and PAU return air temperature, supply air temperature, fresh air damper position, filter differential pressure alarm, fan operating status and fault alarm, humidifier valve control, chilled/hot water coil valve control. Control strategies include: fresh air demand control using CO2 concentration control method; supply air temperature reset based on return air temperature or zone temperature setpoint; night mode automatically adjusting return air temperature setpoint to an energy-saving temperature; pre-cooling/pre-heating mode automatically starting before peak occupancy periods.
4. BAS System Integration, Commissioning, and Acceptance
The BAS system needs to be integrated with the fire protection system (monitoring only), security system (CCTV, access control), elevator system, power distribution and transformation system, and water supply and drainage system. Integration is achieved using BACnet/IP or Modbus TCP gateways to build a unified Building Management Platform (BMS). Commissioning process: individual device commissioning with point-by-point testing of DDC controller I/O points; subsystem commissioning with PID parameter tuning of independent loops such as AHU and chillers; interlock commissioning to verify interlocking relationships between systems; energy-saving performance verification according to CEC standards.