Fire Control Room Management System and Duty Requirements
The fire control room is the monitoring and management center of the hotel's fire protection system. The completeness of its management system and the proficiency of duty personnel directly affect the efficiency of emergency response in the early stages of a fire. According to GB 25506-2010 "General Technical Requirements for Fire Control Rooms" and GB 25201-2010 "Maintenance and Management of Building Fire Protection Facilities," the fire control room management system shall include the following core contents: 24-hour duty system — the fire control room must implement a 24-hour two-person duty system every day (no fewer than 2 persons per shift); duty personnel shall hold vocational qualification certificates for occupations specific to the fire protection industry (building (structure) firefighter or fire protection facility operator); during duty, personnel must not leave their posts, sleep on duty, or engage in activities unrelated to duty. Duty record system — duty personnel shall fill in the "Fire Control Room Duty Record" daily; the record contents shall include the operating status of the fire alarm system, handling of alarm information (alarm time, alarm location, alarm confirmation status, disposal measures), recording and handling of fault information, maintenance of fire protection facilities, etc.; records shall be retained for no less than 1 year. Shift handover system — outgoing and incoming personnel shall sign and confirm on the duty record; handover contents shall include system operating status, unhandled alarm/fault information, measures already taken and pending items, superior instructions and notices, etc. Fire emergency response procedure — the fire control room shall display the "Fire Emergency Response Flowchart"; upon receiving a fire alarm signal, duty personnel shall handle it according to the following procedure: confirm the alarm location, notify patrol personnel to confirm on site (the fastest method), immediately activate fire linkage equipment after fire confirmation (fire pumps, smoke exhaust fans, etc., and confirm equipment operation), dial 119 to report the fire (the report contents shall include the name and address of the fire unit, fire location and burning materials, fire severity, and the name and telephone number of the reporter), and activate the fire emergency broadcasting system to organize evacuation. Archive management system — the fire control room shall establish technical archives for fire protection facilities (equipment manuals, acceptance documents, inspection reports, maintenance records, etc.); archives shall be retained for no less than 5 years.
Routine Inspection and Periodic Testing Procedures for Fire Protection Facilities
Routine inspection and periodic testing of fire protection facilities are key measures to ensure that the fire protection system always remains in good working condition. According to GB 25201-2010, fire protection facility maintenance management is divided into the following five levels: Daily inspection — duty personnel shall conduct a visual inspection of fire protection facilities every day; inspection contents shall include: self-test of the fire alarm control panel (check whether the panel operates normally), indicator lights on the fire pump control cabinet (whether power indicator and operation indicator are normal), water level in the fire water pool/tank (whether the level is within the normal range), whether indicator lights on the fire power distribution box are normal, and whether the fire elevator is in normal condition (whether it is on standby at the ground floor). Weekly inspection — a functional test of fire protection facilities shall be conducted once a week; test contents shall include: automatic start test of fire pumps (simulating a start signal through hydrant buttons or pressure switches), end-of-line drain test of the sprinkler system (testing the actuation of water flow indicators and alarm valves), call test of fire telephone extensions, and sound test of fire broadcasting. Monthly inspection — a comprehensive functional test shall be conducted once a month; test contents shall include: manual start and automatic start function test of fire pumps (automatic switchover test between main and standby pumps), function test of sprinkler system alarm valve assemblies (end-of-line drain for 5 min to observe actuation of alarm bells and pressure switches), start test of smoke exhaust fans, manual and automatic control test of fire shutter doors, and main/backup power switchover test of the fire alarm control panel. Quarterly inspection — a system linkage function test shall be conducted once a quarter; test contents shall include: selecting one fire compartment to simulate a fire signal and testing whether the linkage logic of the fire linkage controller is correctly executed (linkage activation of fire pumps, smoke exhaust fans, fire shutter doors, fire emergency broadcasting, etc.). Annual inspection — a comprehensive inspection shall be conducted once a year by a qualified fire protection technical service organization (issuing a fire protection facility inspection report); the inspection contents shall cover all functions of all fire protection facilities; a valid annual inspection report must be provided at acceptance. All inspections and tests shall be recorded (the record form format shall be uniform, including inspection item, inspection content, inspection result, inspector's signature and date); problems found shall be repaired immediately and shall not be delayed without justification.
Fire protection maintenance unit management and quality control
The selection and management of fire protection facility maintenance units directly affect the long-term reliable operation of fire protection systems. According to the Provisions on the Administration of Social Fire Technical Services (Order No. 129 of the Ministry of Public Security), fire facility maintenance and testing institutions shall possess the corresponding qualification grade (Grade I qualification permits undertaking maintenance and testing of all types of building fire protection facilities; Grade II qualification permits undertaking buildings with a single building area below 40000 m2). As a Class I high-rise public building, the hotel should select a fire protection maintenance unit with Grade I qualification. Key points of maintenance unit management: Qualification review—before signing the maintenance contract, strictly review the maintenance unit's business license, fire technical service institution qualification certificate (verify whether the qualification grade meets requirements), and technical personnel qualification certificates (no fewer than 2 registered fire engineers and no fewer than 6 intermediate or above fire facility operators). Contract management—the maintenance contract should clearly specify the scope of services (covering all fire protection subsystems), service frequency (no less than 1 on-site maintenance per month, on-site response to emergency faults within 4 hours), service content (inspection, testing, repair, maintenance, annual inspection coordination, etc.), service standards and assessment indicators (equipment integrity rate no less than 98%, fault repair rate 100%, response time compliance rate no less than 95%). Quality supervision—the hotel should establish a maintenance quality supervision mechanism, assign dedicated personnel to accompany and supervise the entire maintenance process, and conduct spot checks to verify maintenance records (spot check rate no less than 30%). After each maintenance, the Fire Protection Facility Maintenance Confirmation Form should be signed. Maintenance record management—the maintenance unit should provide detailed maintenance work records (including fault handling records, replacement parts records, test data, etc.), and the hotel should establish maintenance archives under unified management (retention period no less than 5 years). Annual inspection management—the maintenance unit should cooperate with fire technical service institutions in annual testing (a comprehensive inspection and pre-test of all fire protection facilities should be conducted before the annual inspection), and the annual inspection report should be archived for reference within its validity period. Assessment and evaluation—the hotel should conduct a service assessment and evaluation of the maintenance unit quarterly (evaluation content includes service quality, response speed, technical capability, cooperation, etc.); if the assessment fails, the unit should be required to rectify within a time limit or be replaced.
Key points for preparing operation and maintenance documentation before fire acceptance
Before fire acceptance inspection, comprehensive operation and maintenance (O&M) management documentation must be prepared. These documents serve as an important basis for the acceptance team to evaluate the sustainable operational capability of the fire protection systems. The list of O&M documentation required for acceptance includes: Compilation of fire facility maintenance management systems—including system documents such as the fire control room management system, daily inspection system for fire facilities, periodic testing system for fire facilities, repair and maintenance system for fire facilities, and fire archive management system. Operating procedures for fire facilities—operating procedures for each major fire protection equipment (fire pump operation, smoke exhaust fan operation, fire alarm controller operation, fire broadcast system operation, fire shutter operation, etc.). The operating procedures should be illustrated with both pictures and text, concisely and clearly indicating operational steps and precautions. Qualification certificates of on-duty personnel—copies of fire professional qualification certificates (building (structure) firefighter or fire facility operator) for all on-duty personnel in the fire control room; certificates shall be within the validity period. Fire maintenance contract and maintenance contractor qualifications—formal contract signed with the maintenance contractor (terms such as service scope, service frequency, and service standards shall be clearly defined), and the maintenance contractor's qualification certificate (Class I qualification). Fire facility maintenance records for the most recent 1 year—maintenance record forms organized monthly (including equipment status inspection records, functional test records, fault handling records, etc.); records shall be complete, authentic, and continuous. Fire facility inspection report for the most recent 1 year—annual inspection report issued by a qualified fire technical service organization (the inspection conclusion shall be "Pass" or "Basically Pass"); the inspection report shall be within the validity period (no more than 12 months from the date of issuance to the acceptance date). Fire facility fault handling ledger—registration form for all faults since the system was put into operation (fault time, fault phenomenon, fault cause, handling measures, repair results, responsible person, etc.). Fire evacuation plan and drill records—the hotel's annual fire evacuation plan, and records of at least 2 fire evacuation drills in the most recent 1 year (drill time, participants, drill content, drill effectiveness evaluation, etc.). Fire facility and equipment ledger—a list of detailed information for all fire protection equipment, including model, specification, quantity, installation location, manufacturer, and date put into use.